Tax Issues

One Big Beautiful Bill Act - Part 2

This week Angela continues the discussion on the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. This episode focuses on student loans, charitable gifting, new tax legislation for individuals, and new tax legislation for businesses and farmers. The aim is to provide a broad overview to prompt listeners to inquire about potential impacts on their financial situations.
Key Takeaways 💡
The One Big Beautiful Bill Act introduces a lifetime borrowing cap for student loans, with graduates capped at $100,000 and medical/law students at $200,000, and further limitations for part-time students. Parent Plus loans now have a cap of $65,000, and repayment options have been simplified to just two choices, making it crucial to understand the implications for financial aid planning.
The new tax legislation introduces a 0.5% income floor for charitable write-offs, impacting the ability to deduct charitable gifts, and this floor also applies to corporations. This change means that individuals must now exceed this income threshold before they can begin to deduct their charitable contributions, potentially reducing the tax benefits of charitable giving.
The "no tax on tips, overtime, and Social Security" claims are misleading, as the legislation only provides exemptions on some tips, some overtime, and some Social Security income. There's an above-the-line exemption of $25,000 for qualified tips, but this phases out for higher incomes, and overtime has a $12,500 exemption with the requirement of separate reporting on the W-2, both clauses being eligible for only three years.
The "no tax on Social Security" is more of a senior deduction of $6,000 for those over 65, but it phases out for individuals with incomes starting at $75,000 or $150,000 for married couples filing jointly. This means that the promised benefits may not be as substantial as initially perceived, especially for seniors with higher incomes.
The legislation allows for 100% depreciation and bonus depreciation in one year, increasing the limits around Section 179 expensing up to $2.5 million. Additionally, certain qualified property used for manufacturing, agriculture, chemical production, or refining can be expensed at 100% in one year, though there are strong recapture rules over 10 years to consider.
Environmental quality incentives programs, conservation steward programs, and the agriculture conservation easement program have been funded through 2031, with increased funding due to the redirection of Inflation Reduction Act funds. There is also renewed funding through 2031 for smaller initiatives like well water programs and incentivizing farmers to open land for hunting and recreation, plus a feral swine eradication program for Texas.
The bill includes $66 billion in new spending for farm programs, the largest infusion since 2002, covering commodity programs, crop insurance, conservation, trade promotion, research, education, rural development, energy programs, and support for specialty crops. This presents numerous opportunities for farmers and ranchers to tap into various resources and programs.
The qualified small business stock exemption has been expanded, reducing the holding period to three years for partial gain exemptions, with 50% of gains not taxed at three years, 75% at four years, and 100% at five years. The exemption cap has also been increased to $15 million or 10 times the owner's basis, offering significant benefits for small business owners planning their exit strategies.

One Big Beautiful Bill Act - Part 1

In this episode, Angela discusses the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" and its implications for individuals, business owners, farmers, and ranchers. She provides an overview of the bill, focusing on key aspects such as permanence and stability in the tax code, student and child-focused provisions, charitable gifting, state and local taxes, and new tax legislation.
Key Takeaways 💡
The extension and expansion of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act brings permanence to several provisions, preventing taxes from reverting to 2016 rates and rules, which includes the alternative minimum tax (AMT). This stability allows families and business owners to make informed decisions about their financial future without the uncertainty of fluctuating tax laws.
The estate tax exemption is set at $15 million per person, adjusted for inflation, providing a stable foundation for estate planning. This permanency helps small business owners, farmers, and ranchers plan their estates with more certainty, although significant inflation may still require additional planning for larger estates.
The Section 199A business owner deduction, which allows a 20% deduction on business income for pass-through entities, has been extended and expanded. This extension includes higher income phase-in amounts and a minimum deduction, offering significant benefits to small business owners by reducing their taxable income.
Businesses can once again depreciate 100% of assets placed in service after January 19th, 2025, regaining the first-year bonus depreciation. Additionally, the ability to expense depreciation on equipment has increased to $2.5 million, up from $1.25 million, providing valuable tax benefits for business investments.
Opportunity Zones have been made permanent, offering a rolling five-year deferral of capital gains for investments in designated areas. Investing in rural Opportunity Zones may qualify for a 30% basis increase, enhancing the tax benefits and incentivizing investment in these areas.
Businesses that utilized the Employee Retention Credit (ERC) should seek counsel to ensure compliance, as the audit time has been extended, clawbacks are being enforced, and penalties have been elevated. The IRS is scrutinizing ERC claims, and businesses need to verify their eligibility and documentation to avoid potential issues.
Several electric vehicle and clean energy credits are set to expire soon, including credits for commercial clean vehicles, new clean vehicles, and previously owned clean vehicles. To take advantage of these credits, purchases must be made before September 30th for electric vehicles and December 31st for solar, wind, and home energy improvements.
The cap on the federal deduction for state and local taxes (SALT) has been temporarily increased to $40,000, but it begins to phase out with $500,000 of income and reverts back to $10,000 in 2030. However, the pass-through entity workaround, which allows deducting property expenses within a pass-through entity, remains a viable strategy to regain missing state and local tax deductions.

Retirement Accounts and Trusts

In this episode, Angela discusses the implications of the SECURE Act and its amendments on retirement accounts, particularly when trusts are named as beneficiaries. She emphasizes the importance of reviewing trusts written before July 2024 to ensure compliance with the IRS's final RMD regulations and to avoid unintended tax consequences. The episode aims to educate listeners on the complexities of tax laws and the need for professional guidance in estate planning.
Key Takeaways 💡
Naming a trust as a beneficiary of a retirement account can be beneficial for several reasons, such as managing inheritances for underage children, protecting assets from spendthrift heirs, creditors, or divorces, and ensuring that assets are distributed according to your wishes even if your heirs predecease their spouses or face financial difficulties.
Updating an estate plan without updating the titling of assets and beneficiary designations can lead to unintended consequences, as retirement accounts are contract property that are paid out per their beneficiary designation; therefore, integrating trust updates with beneficiary designations can simplify estate planning and ensure that assets are distributed according to your wishes.
The IRS released its final RMD regulations on the Secure Act 2.0 of 2022 and Secure Act of 2019 in July 2024, which requires a review of trusts named as beneficiaries of IRAs, and it is important to be aware of these rules to avoid potential tax implications and ensure compliance with the latest regulations.
The SECURE Act eliminated the ability to stretch inherited IRAs over the beneficiary's life expectancy, mandating that the account be fully distributed within 10 years, which can result in significant tax implications for beneficiaries, especially those with high incomes, and there are still planning strategies available to mitigate these tax consequences.
If an IRA is left to an estate, a charity, or certain trusts, the distribution timeframe is reduced to five years, which can significantly increase the tax burden on the beneficiaries, and this highlights the importance of carefully considering beneficiary designations and trust language to avoid unintended tax consequences.
To qualify for the more favorable 10-year distribution rule, a see-through trust must allow the trustee to identify the beneficiary to the IRS, treating them as if they inherited the IRA outright, and the trust must also contain language allowing for the division of subtrusts before the grantor's death and specifically state the percentage of the retirement account allocated to each subtrust.

Thinking About Gifting to Your Children?

This week Angela discusses the complexities and risks involved in gifting significant assets to children, such as land or businesses. She emphasizes the importance of proper planning and professional advice to avoid costly tax consequences and unintended liabilities. The episode focuses particularly on the tax implications of gifting versus inheriting assets and the importance of understanding cost basis.
Key Takeaways 💡
Many parents consider gifting significant assets like land, money, or business interests to their children as they age, but often do so without seeking comprehensive advice, which can lead to costly mistakes. Even when advice is sought, it is frequently from professionals who may not have a holistic understanding of estate and tax planning, resulting in overlooked risks.
Gifting assets without proper planning can expose the family to various risks including lawsuits, creditor claims, divorce risks affecting gifted assets, business liabilities of the recipient, and strained family relationships. Additionally, gifting can unintentionally disinherit grandchildren or transfer assets to unintended parties, such as a new spouse of a child’s widow(er).
One of the most significant and common financial pitfalls of gifting assets is the increase in taxes, particularly due to the transfer of the original cost basis to the recipient. When a gifted asset is sold, the recipient pays capital gains tax based on the original purchase price, which can be much higher than if the asset was inherited.
Cost basis is the original value of an asset for tax purposes, usually the purchase price minus any depreciation taken. When an asset is gifted, the recipient inherits the donor’s cost basis, meaning they may face large capital gains taxes upon sale. In contrast, if the asset is inherited after the donor’s death, the cost basis is stepped up to the asset’s fair market value at the time of death, potentially eliminating capital gains tax if sold immediately.
This difference in cost basis treatment between gifting and inheritance can result in significant tax savings if assets are held until death rather than gifted during life. For example, land purchased decades ago often has a very low cost basis compared to its current market value, so gifting it can trigger large capital gains taxes for the recipient upon sale.
Even if the family does not plan to sell the gifted assets, the cost basis remains important for other reasons, such as depreciation recapture on inherited rental properties or equipment. Inherited assets receive a stepped-up basis, allowing heirs to depreciate the asset anew, which can provide substantial income tax savings over time.
Farmers and ranchers may not realize they can depreciate certain components of their land, such as nutrients, which can offer additional tax benefits. This is an often-overlooked opportunity that can improve cash flow and reduce tax burdens across generations.
Angela stresses the importance of not making gifting decisions alone or without thorough professional guidance. While gifting can be beneficial in some cases, it must be done strategically to avoid unintended tax consequences and other risks. There are creative planning strategies available to mitigate these issues, especially in states like Texas.
The podcast concludes with a reminder that tax laws are complex and constantly changing, and that even accountants and tax professionals may not have complete knowledge of all relevant details. Therefore, a holistic life planning approach involving multiple professionals is essential to protect family wealth and minimize tax liabilities.

Are You Taking Your Financial Supplements? (Rebroadcast)

Recently I was speaking with a client about how important it is to take preventative measures in regard to health - eating right, exercising, and taking the right supplements. It is just as important that we take preventative measures in regard to our finances - planning for the worst-case and best-case scenarios, exercising good financial habits, and revisiting your plan on a regular basis to make necessary changes.

12 Tax-Smart Charitable Giving Strategies (Rebroadcast)

Using an efficient, tax-smart approach to maximize the impact of your charitable giving has never been more important. This week we give you 12 ways to increase your giving power while potentially reducing your taxable income this year and beyond.

Family Support Checklist (Rebroadcast)

As a life planning firm, it is our mission to help you take the essential steps needed to face each of life’s stages with confidence and clarity. We were asked if we could compile a list of the things that need to be addressed on every level when you find it necessary to assume physical, emotional, and financial responsibility for your parents.

Are You Prepared for the Estate Tax Sunset?

We were honored to have tax attorney Kyle Post join us this week as our guest. Kyle discusses some of the changes we may have coming our way after the election in regards to your estate and taxes. You don’t want to miss this.

2024 Election and Taxes

Let’s face it…No one wants to talk politics these days, but facts are facts. We are approaching a presidential election, so politics need to be top of mind. This week we look at the current tax proposal of each candidate. No matter what your political views are, be sure that you get out and vote on election day.

Tax Reform Sunset on the Horizon

Can you hear it? It’s those two, ominous notes from the movie Jaws to let you know we are drawing nearer and nearer to the almost inevitable…the sunset of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017. This could mean that higher income taxes and estate taxes are headed your way.

Have You Outgrown Your Advisor?

I believe one of the hardest things to do is find the “right fit” advisor for you and your family. Because of this, I thought I might take a minute to educate you a little about our industry.

Life After Graduation (Rebroadcast)

Graduation is a major step for those important young adults in our life. A parent’s goal is always to see their kids launch successfully and stay successfully launched. How do you do that? Well, we have few ideas for you.
You can read the corresponding article on our website at: https://www.kennedy-financial.com/blog/life-after-graduation-what-should-your-kids-know.